An analysis of evacuation travel paths on stair landings by means of conditional probabilities

作者：Ronchi Enrico^*; Reneke Paul A; Kuligowski Erica D; Peacock Richard D

来源：Fire Safety Journal, 2014, 65: 30-40.

DOI：10.1016/j.firesaf.2014.02.001

• Building evacuation
• Merging flows
• Pedestrian movement
• Travel paths
• Conditional probabilities

This paper analyses data on occupants' movement on stair landings collected during an evacuation drill performed in a six-storey office building in the United States. A total of 215 occupant travel path trajectories were filmed and time on the stair landings and egress behaviours were analysed. Data were analysed using a probabilistic approach, i.e., The probability of different occupant travel paths were calculated in relation to two different factors: (1) crowding on the landings, and (2) the type of interactions between occupants (e.g., merging flows, deference/overtaking behaviours, etc.). Results showed that a higher number of occupants on stair landings caused an increase in the probability for (1) longer travel paths and (2) usage of the outer boundaries on the stair/landing connections. This paper highlights that data and modelling assumptions should be used after a careful evaluation of their field of applicability. In the case of a low occupant load and non-homogenous merging streams (a higher number of people entering the landing from the stairs than the door), floors tend to be emptied from the top to the bottom.

• 出版日期2014-4