Activity, adsorption and mobility of three acetanilide and two new amide herbicides

作者：Vasilakoglou IB; Eleftherohorinos IG^*; Dhima KB

来源：Weed Research, 2001, 41(6): 535-546.

DOI：10.1046/j.1365-3180.2001.00256.x

• acetochlor
• alachlor
• dimethenamid
• flufenacet
• S-metolachlor
• leaching
• oat bioassay

Activity, adsorption, and mobility of emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and microencapsulated (ME) formulations of alachlor and acetochlor as well as of metolachlor, S-metolachlor, dimethenamid and flufenacet were studied. Petri-dish bioassay, based on root response of oats (A vena sativa L.), was used for their activity in sand and in a silty clay loam soil, and for determination of herbicide concentrations in soil solution (not adsorbed) and in column leachates of the adsorption and mobility studies respectively. Flufenacet and both acetochlor formulations showed the highest activity in both soils and ME-alachlor and metolachlor the lowest; the activity, of dimethenamid, EC-alachlor and S-metolachlor was intermediate. Activity,of both formulations of alachlor and acetochlor decreased with increasing organic matter content, but alachlor activity was reduced more than that of acetochlor. Lower amounts of dimethenamid and S-metolachlor were adsorbed by soil compared with the other herbicides and, consequently, greater amounts of these two herbicides were leached through that soil. None of the herbicides tested was detected below 30 cm. Less alachlor and acetochlor were biologically available in soil solution after their application as ME-formulations and, therefore, lower amounts of both ME-alachlor and ME-acetochlor were leached through the soil compared with those applied as EC-formulations.

• 出版日期2001-12