科研之友
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摘要
The floodplains of the Amazon can be differentiated according to the type of flooding water and soil qualities, which reflect their geological origins. In Brazilian Amazonia, the MOSE representative types are those flooded periodically by both whitewater rivers (locally called varzea) and blackwater rivers (called igapo). In these environments, vegetation structure and species composition are clearly different, related to the differences in nutrient, availability and sedimentation rate. The objective of the present study was to test the differences in richness, species richness, structure (density and basal area), and composition of tree species in a forest of adjacent igapo and varzea in the Parque Ecologico de Gunma, in Para state, Brazil. Climate and river hydrology are identical, water and soil quality differ. The sampled sites are only 2 km distant from each other and are connected at high water. The cumulative curve of new species per area reached an asymptote in the varzea forest, but only a tendency towards an asymptote I 11 the igapo forest. The total number of species identified in the igapo floodplain forest was higher (153 species) than in varzea floodplain forest (82 species). Species richness and diversity were not significantly different; density and basal area were significantly lower in the igapo forest than in the varzea forest. It was possible to group the sampled quadrats, and the results show a clear separation of the two types of floodplain forest indicating different species compositions, with both forest types having only 24 species (out of a total number or 208) in common. Accepted 17 November 2009.
- 出版日期2010
