Antidiabetic effect of chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) is mediated via inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidase and glucose transporters and PPAR expression

作者：Yu Seok Yeong; Kwon Young In; Lee Chan; Apostolidis Emmanouil; Kim Young Cheul

来源：Biofactors, 2017, 43(1): 90-99.

DOI：10.1002/biof.1311

• diabetes
• Caco-2 cell
• adipocyte
• -glucosidase
• PPAR
• GLUT4

We have previously reported that administration of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly suppressed postprandial blood glucose rise with increased plasma adiponectin and HbA1c levels in animals and humans. However, the cellular mechanisms whereby GO2KA1 exerts antihyperglycemic effects still remain to be determined. Using intestinal Caco-2 cells and 3T3-L1 cells, here we show that GO2KA1 has dual modes of antidiabetic action by (1) inhibiting intestinal -glucosidase as well as glucose transporters SGLT1 and GLUT2 that were distinct from the acarbose effect; (2) enhancing adipocyte differentiation, PPAR expression and its target genes, such as FABP4, adiponectin, and GLUT4, whereas the effects were abolished by co-treatment with BADGE, a PPAR antagonist. Moreover, GO2KA1 significantly increased glucose uptake, which was reduced in the presence of BADGE. Our data show that GO2KA1 may prevent hyperglycemia by inhibiting intestinal glucose digestion and transport and also enhance glucose uptake, at least in part, by upregulating adiponectin expression through PPAR in adipocytes. These findings may provide potential molecular modes of action for the antidiabetic effects of chitosan oligosaccharide observed in clinical and animal studies.

• 出版日期2017-2