DOGS IN COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY AND GENETICS: EXAMPLES OF DISEASES AND GENES SHARED BETWEEN HUMANS AND DOGS

作者：Andre Catherine^*; Plassais Jocelyn

来源：Bulletin de l'Academie Veterinaire de France, 2012, 165(3): 215-224.

• model
• dog
• genetics
• diagnosis
• prognosis
• prediction
• veterinary medicine

This article shows how dogs can help identify the causes of genetic diseases homologous between dogs and humans. With over 400 breeds, the canine species represents genetic isolates in which all dogs from a given breed share the same phenotype and close genotypes. Each breed history led to the selection of particular alleles to meet specific criteria, such as aptitudes or morphological traits, but also to a concentration of %26apos;undesirable%26apos; alleles, responsible for numerous genetic diseases expressed in nearly all canine breeds. Five examples of breed-specific diseases will be presented: retinal atrophy, neuropathy and ichthyosis (a genetic dermatosis), as well as two multifactorial diseases. The ichthyosis example in Golden retrievers perfectly illustrates the power of this model to identify new genes and new gene functions involved in human genetic diseases. This work also led to the development of genetic tests useful in veterinary medicine, thereby demonstrating the %26apos;OneHealth%26apos; concept of mutual benefit for dogs and humans.

• 出版日期2012-9