Nut consumption, weight gain and obesity: Epidemiological evidence

作者：Martinez Gonzalez M A^*; Bes Rastrollo M

来源：Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2011, 21: S40-S45.

DOI：10.1016/j.numecd.2010.11.005

• Walnut
• Hazelnut
• Overweight
• Fiber
• Mediterranean diet
• Monounsaturated fat
• Poly-unsaturated fat
• Satiety

Background and aims: Short-term trials support that adding tree nuts or peanuts to usual diets does not induce weight gain. We reviewed the available epidemiological evidence on long-term nut consumption and body weight changes. We also report new results from the SUN ("Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra") cohort.
Methods and results: Published epidemiologic studies with >= 1-yr follow-up were located. Two published reports from large cohorts (SUN and Nurses Health Study-2) showed inverse associations between frequency of nut consumption and long-term weight changes. A beneficial effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with tree nuts on waist circumference was reported after 1-yr follow-up in the first 1224 high-risk participants in the PREDIMED ("PREvencion DIeta MEDiterranea") trial. After assessing 11,895 participants of the SUN cohort, a borderline significant (p value for trend = 0.09) inverse association between baseline nut consumption and average yearly weight gain (multivariate-adjusted means = 0.32 kg/yr (95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.42) and 0.24 (0.11-0.37) kg/yr for participants with no consumption and >4 servings/week, respectively) was found after a 6-yr follow-up.
Conclusions: Consumption of nuts was not associated with a higher risk of weight gain in long-term epidemiologic studies and clinical trials.

• 出版日期2011-6