Autophagy in osteoblasts is involved in mineralization and bone homeostasis

作者：Nollet Marie; Santucci Darmanin Sabine; Breuil Veronique; Al Sahlanee Rasha; Cros Chantal; Topi Majlinda; Momier David; Samson Michel; Pagnotta Sophie; Cailleteau Laurence; Battaglia Severine; Farlay Delphine; Dacquin Romain; Barois Nicolas; Jurdic Pierre; Boivin Georges; Heymann Dominique; Lafont Frank; Lu Shi Shou; Dempster David W; Carle Georges F; Pierrefite Carle Valerie^*

来源：Autophagy, 2014, 10(11): 1965-1977.

DOI：10.4161/auto.36182

• autophagy
• bone remodeling
• mineralization
• osteoblast

Bone remodeling is a tightly controlled mechanism in which osteoblasts (OB), the cells responsible for bone formation, osteoclasts (OC), the cells specialized for bone resorption, and osteocytes, the multifunctional mechanosensing cells embedded in the bone matrix, are the main actors. Increased oxidative stress in OB, the cells producing and mineralizing bone matrix, has been associated with osteoporosis development but the role of autophagy in OB has not yet been addressed. This is the goal of the present study. We first show that the autophagic process is induced in OB during mineralization. Then, using knockdown of autophagy-essential genes and OB-specific autophagy-deficient mice, we demonstrate that autophagy deficiency reduces mineralization capacity. Moreover, our data suggest that autophagic vacuoles could be used as vehicles in OB to secrete apatite crystals. In addition, autophagy-deficient OB exhibit increased oxidative stress and secretion of the receptor activator of NFKB1 (TNFSF11/RANKL), favoring generation of OC, the cells specialized in bone resorption. In vivo, we observed a 50% reduction in trabecular bone mass in OB-specific autophagy-deficient mice. Taken together, our results show for the first time that autophagy in OB is involved both in the mineralization process and in bone homeostasis. These findings are of importance for mineralized tissues which extend from corals to vertebrates and uncover new therapeutic targets for calcified tissue-related metabolic pathologies.

• 出版日期2014-11
• 单位中国地震局