A Femto-Aided Location Tracking Algorithm in LTE-A Heterogeneous Networks

作者：Tseng Po Hsuan^*; Lee Ke Ting

来源：IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2017, 66(1): 748-762.

DOI：10.1109/TVT.2016.2544790

• Cooperative localization
• location tracking
• LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) heterogeneous network (HetNet)

In dense urban or indoor environments under a weak global positioning system (GPS) signal, the Long-Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) system can provide range measurements for location estimation of mobile stations (MSs). Based on the reference signals transmitted from macro base stations (mBSs), femto BS (fBSs), and neighbor MSs in LTE-A heterogeneous networks (HetNets), the femto-aided cooperative location tracking (FACLT) algorithm is proposed to estimate an MS's position. Since fBSs are user-deployed in the residential or business buildings, the locations of fBSs are usually not known exactly. Moreover, an MS can communicate with its neighbor MSs with the support of device-to-device (D2D) communications. To deal with the uncertain neighbor MSs' positions and the imprecise fBSs' positions, we utilize a Bayesian framework to investigate a distributed cooperative location tracking problem and a particle filter (PF) to develop the FACLT algorithm. Different femto-aided strategies are adopted to deal with the uncertainty of fBS position. The utilization of the PF not only allows the fusion of time difference of arrival (TDOA) and two-way time of arrival (TW-TOA) measurements but enables the line-of-sight (LOS)/non-LOS (NLOS) condition as well, based on the information of the Markov model or indoor map. Performance evaluation is conducted based on the system-level simulation of LTE-A HetNet environments, where the proposed FACLT algorithm using the assistive fBSs and cooperative MSs provides better location tracking of MSs.

• 出版日期2017-1