Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ginsenoside Rg5 in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated BV2 Microglial Cells

作者：Lee Yu Young; Park Jin Sun; Jung Ji Sun; Kim Dong Hyun; Kim Hee Sun^*

来源：International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2013, 14(5): 9820-9833.

DOI：10.3390/ijms14059820

• ginsenoside Rg5
• microglia
• neuroinflammation
• iNOS
• cytokine
• signaling pathway

Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system. They play a role in normal brain development and neuronal recovery. However, overactivation of microglia causes neuronal death, which is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson%26apos;s disease and Alzheimer%26apos;s disease. Therefore, controlling microglial activation has been suggested as an important target for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of ginsenoside Rg5 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells and rat primary microglia. The data showed that Rg5 suppressed LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and proinflammatory TNF-a secretion. In addition, Rg5 inhibited the mRNA expressions of iNOS, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, COX-2 and MMP-9 induced by LPS. Further mechanistic studies revealed that Rg5 inhibited the phophorylations of PI3K/Akt and MAPKs and the DNA binding activities of NF-kappa B and AP-1, which are upstream molecules controlling inflammatory reactions. Moreover, Rg5 suppressed ROS production with upregulation of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Overall, microglial inactivation by ginsenoside Rg5 may provide a therapeutic potential for various neuroinflammatory disorders.

• 出版日期2013-5