Update on Primary Hypobetalipoproteinemia

作者：Hooper Amanda J; Burnett John R^*

来源：Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 2014, 16(7): 423.

DOI：10.1007/s11883-014-0423-3

• Abetalipoproteinemia
• Apolipoprotein B
• Chylomicron retention disease
• Combined hypolipidemia
• Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia
• Hypobetalipoproteinemia
• Low-density lipoprotein

"Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia" refers to an eclectic group of inherited lipoprotein disorders characterized by low concentrations of or absence of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in plasma. Abetalipoproteinemia and homozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia, although caused by mutations in different genes, are clinically indistinguishable. A framework for the clinical follow-up and management of these two disorders has been proposed recently, focusing on monitoring of growth in children and preventing complications by providing specialized dietary advice and fat-soluble vitamin therapeutic regimens. Other recent publications on familial combined hypolipidemia suggest that although a reduction of angiopoietin-like 3 activity may improve insulin sensitivity, complete deficiency also reduces serum cholesterol efflux capacity and increases the risk of early vascular atherosclerotic changes, despite low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Specialist laboratories offer exon-by-exon sequence analysis for the molecular diagnosis of primary hypobetalipoproteinemia. In the future, massively parallel sequencing of panels of genes involved in dyslipidemia may play a greater role in the diagnosis of these conditions.

• 出版日期2014-7