Development and Initial Validation of the Three-Levels-of-Needs Questionnaire for Self-Assessment of Palliative Needs in Patients with Cancer

作者：Johnsen Anna Thit^*; Petersen Morten A; Pedersen Lise; Groenvold Mogens

来源：Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 2011, 41(6): 1025-1039.

DOI：10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.08.013

• Palliative care
• advanced cancer
• self-assessment questionnaire
• needs assessment
• cognitive interview
• validity
• quality of life

Context. To improve palliative care, it is important that questionnaires accurately assess the needs of the patients. No questionnaire existed that combined three different and important approaches to needs assessment. We developed such a questionnaire, called the Three-Levels-of-Needs Questionnaire (3LNQ), based on literature searches. The 3LNQ measures 12 important needs with three different approaches when used as a supplement to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30): problem intensity, problem burden, and felt need.
Objectives. To investigate the initial validity of the 3LNQ.
Methods. We used a relatively new method that investigates whether the questionnaire has the same meaning for the patients as for the researchers. To do this, 74 patients with advanced cancer filled out the questionnaire and participated in an open-ended interview. The patients' responses to the questionnaire before the interview were compared against the researchers' responses based on the interviews. Items showing substantial agreement were accepted as valid without further analysis. For the remaining items, reasons for disagreements were analyzed qualitatively.
Results. All items on problem intensity, eight of 12 items on problem burden, and three of 12 items on felt need were accepted as valid because of high agreement. Analysis of the qualitative data concerning the remaining items showed that most disagreements did not indicate problems with the patients' self-assessment. Instead, different causes for disagreements were elucidated, but these did not interfere with validity.
Conclusion. The 3LNQ appears to measure palliative needs comprehensively, and this initial validation showed satisfactory results. The analysis gave important insights into the patients' perceptions of their own situations, into their expectations of the health care system, and into the complexity of needs assessment. J Pain Symptom Manage 2011; 41: 1025-1039.

• 出版日期2011-6