Attosecond electromagnetic pulses: generation, measurement, and application. Generation of high-order harmonics of an intense laser field for attosecond pulse production

作者：Strelkov V V^*; Platonenko V T; Sterzhantov A F; Ryabikin M Yu

来源：Physics-Uspekhi, 2016, 59(5): 425-445.

DOI：10.3367/UFNe.2015.12.037670

• attosecond pulses
• high-order harmonic generation
• interaction of intense laser fields with matter
• phase matching
• time-dependent Schrodinger equation
• dense laser plasma
• particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations

This review presents the current state of research on the generation and application of subfemtosecond (or attosecond, where 1 as = 10(-18) s) ultraviolet and X-ray pulses. Emission of attosecond pulses is closely related to the generation of high-order harmonics in a laser field: the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with matter causes the generation of high-order harmonics whose highest orders range from dozens to thousands and which produce attosecond pulses when they are phase-locked in a sufficiently broad spectral region. Two ways of attosecond pulse generation, the interaction of an intense laser radiation with a gaseous medium and with the edge of a solid state plasma, are discussed. The theory of the microscopic high-frequency response of a gaseous medium to an intense low-frequency laser field is presented together with numerical results based on the solution of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation for an atom in the external field. The review describes the methodology for calculating the macroscopic response and for analyzing the phase-matching in high order harmonic generation. For the generation of coherent XUV radiation at the edge of a dense plasma, different generation scenarios are discussed, a simple model is proposed, and a comparison of model predictions with numerical results obtained from particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations is given.

• 出版日期2016