Pathophysiology and Etiology of Heart Failure

作者：Johnson Frances L^*

来源：Cardiology Clinics, 2014, 32(1): 9-+.

DOI：10.1016/j.ccl.2013.09.015

• Heart failure
• Pathophysiology
• Etiology
• Diagnosis

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome that is heterogeneous in both pathophysiology and etiology. This article describes some of the common mechanisms underlying heart failure, and reviews common causes. Informative diagnostic testing is reviewed.

• 出版日期2014-2