Application of advanced X-ray methods in life sciences

作者：Sayers Zehra; Avsar Bihter; Cholak Ersoy; Karmous Ines

来源：Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-General Subjects, 2017, 1861(1): 3671-3685.

DOI：10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.05.008

• Synchrotron radiation
• Small angle solution scattering (SAXS)
• Macromolecular crystallography (MX)
• X-ray absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy (XAFS)
• X-ray imaging

Background: Synchrotron radiation (SR) sources provide diverse X-ray methods for the investigation of structure -function relationships in biological macromolecules.
Scope of review: Recent developments in SR sources and in the X-ray tools they offer for life sciences are reviewed. Specifically, advances in macromolecular crystallography, small angle X-ray solution scattering, X-ray absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and imaging are discussed with examples.
Major conclusions: SR sources offer a range of X-ray techniques that can be used in a complementary fashion in studies of biological systems at a wide range of resolutions from atomic to cellular scale. Emerging applications of X-ray techniques include the characterization of disordered proteins, noncrystalline and nonequilibrium systems, elemental imaging of tissues, cells and organs, and detection of time-resolved changes in molecular structures.
General significance: X-ray techniques are in the center of hybrid approaches that are used to gain insight into complex problems relating to biomolecular mechanisms, disease and possible therapeutic solutions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Science for Life". Guest Editors: Dr. Austen Angell, Dr. Salvatore Magazti and Dr. Federica Migliardo.

• 出版日期2017-1