Assessment of dietary intake in a sample of Polish population - baseline assessment from the prospective cohort 'PONS' study

作者：Ilow Rafal^*; Regulska Ilow Bozena; Rozanska Dorota; Zatonska Katarzyna; Dehghan Mahshid; Zhang Xiaohe; Szuba Andrzej; Vatten Lars; Janik Koncewicz Kinga; Manczuk Marta; Zatonski Witold A

来源：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2011, 18(2): 229-234.

• prospective study
• macronutrient intake
• Food Frequency Questionnaire

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of participants in the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS).
Methods: The presented study comprised 3,862 inhabitants of Swietokrzyskie Province aged 45-64 (2,572 females and 1,290 males). Daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat and fatty acid were estimated using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).
Results: Energy intake was significantly higher in males than females (1,461.4 vs 1,320.7 kcal/day), and in participants aged 45-54 than in those aged 55-64(1,409.5 vs 1,338.5 kcal/day). The percentage of energy from saturated fatty acids was higher than dietary recommendations. Protein, fat and carbohydrate intakes were significantly higher in males compared to females, and in younger than in older group. Daily cholesterol intake was significantly higher in males compared to females and in younger than in older group. People with a higher level of education had a higher energy, protein and fat intake.
Conclusion: Under-reporting of energy intake was observed in a significant percentage of participants, especially in males. Gender, age and education status had statistically significant impact on dietary intake. Increase in the intake of dietary fibre, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids with diet by the studied participants will make the diets more healthy.

• 出版日期2011