科研之友
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摘要
The field surveys of Mangla Dam AJK were conducted to measure its avian diversity between May 2011 and April 2014. The study was undertaken to determine the birds' fauna occurrence status, diversity indices and ecological threats to their conservation. Point count method was used for data collection. Findings of the research revealed that maximum account of 57892 birds of 188 species belonging to 57 families and representing 17 orders were observed during May 2011to April 2012. A steady decline in birds' population was noticed while diversity of the order Passeriformes was highest on dam. The Maximum values of diversity indices were also recorded in study year 2011-2012 i.e. Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H') was 3.41; Census Index (CI) was 218/Km(2), Simpson's Diversity Index (D) was 0.95 and evenness of birds was 0.65. According to ranking of birds occurrence status for the Mangla Dam 15 species were very abundant, 11 were abundant, very common were 41, common were 42, fairly common were 64, uncommon were 5 and 2were rare. The season wise distribution of bird's species shown that 71 percent were year around resident, summer breeders were13 percent, winter migrants were 64 percent and 29 percent were passage migrants. The most dominant species of study area were Common Pochard Aythyaferina (n=5011), Common Coots Fulicaatra (n=4782), Little Cormorant Phalacrocoraxniger (n=4764), Garganey Anasquerquedula(n=3863) Mallard Anasplatyrhynchos (n=3841), Northern ShovelerAnasclypeata(n=3743) Tufted DuckAythyafuligula(n=3393) Northern Pintail Anasacuta (n=3261) and Gadwall Anasstrepera(n=2971). The major threats observed including illegal hunting, trapping, unsustainable fisheries practices, deforestation in dam catchment area and water pollution.
- 出版日期2015
