Vitamin D-3 Deficiency Results in Dysfunctions of Immunity with Severe Fatigue and Depression in a Variety of Diseases

作者：Hoeck Anna Dorothea

来源：In Vivo, 2014, 28(1): 133-145.

• Vitamin D-3 deficiency
• cathelicidin
• auto/xenophagy
• immune imbalance
• chronic diseases
• review

Recent immune data on vitamin D-3 deficiency help to more clearly understand chronic fatiguing illnesses, such as auto immune disorders, cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The vitamin D-3 pathway is activated by stress and requires sufficient stores of precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 for proper cell and immune functions. In vitamin D-3 deficiency, secretion of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin is reduced, leading to impaired auto/xenophagy. As a result, phagocytosis, cytotoxicity, antigen processing and antigen presentation become dysregulated. In addition, vitamin D-3 deficiency affects T- and B-lymphocyte activation, as well as quantity, maturation and function of regulatory natural killer T-cells and their counterparts in the gut, i.e. T-cell receptor-alpha beta, cluster of differentiation-8 alpha alpha-positive intraepithelial lymphocytes. Consequently, innate and adaptive immunity become de-regulated, with microbial effects contributing further to this. Persistent infections, chronic inflammation and fatigue follow. Vitamin D-3 substitution in such conditions may help to prevent or to ameliorate such chronic conditions, even in patients with cancer.

• 出版日期2014-2