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摘要
To distinguish between modern and fossil ( mammoth) elephant ivory, samples of both were analyzed by petrographic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. In addition to the differences observed under low magnification, SEM demonstrated each variety's structure in greater detail. While modern ivory appeared very compact under high magnification, fossil ivory showed a loose structure with many long channels and splintery cracks. IR spectroscopy revealed differences in water and collagen contents. Modern ivory exhibits a broad IR absorption band around the 3320 cm(-1) peak, while the sharp bands between 3300 and 3500 cm(-1) in fossil ivory indicate a much lower water content. Modern ivory's IR peaks at 2927 and 2855 cm(-1), compared to fossil ivory's weak peak near 3000 cm(-1), suggest a significant loss of collagen after burial for tens of thousands of years. LIBS chemical analysis showed different amounts of various trace elements. Weakly weathered fossil ivory contains Fe, Ti, Mn, and Al, while the similar-looking modern ivory contains Hg, Cr, and Si, indicating that trace elements could be used to distinguish them.
- 出版日期2013
- 单位中国地质大学（北京）
