Medication overuse, healthy lifestyle behaviour and stress in chronic headache: Results from a population-based representative survey

作者：Westergaard Maria Lurenda^*; Glumer Charlotte; Hansen Ebba Holme; Jensen Rigmor Hojland

来源：Cephalalgia, 2016, 36(1): 15-28.

DOI：10.1177/0333102415578430

• Chronic headache
• medication-overuse headache
• secondary headache disorders
• health behaviour
• life stress
• smoking
• sedentary lifestyle
• obesity
• alcohol abuse
• illicit drugs

Aim This cross-sectional study investigated associations between chronic headache (CH) with and without medication overuse, healthy lifestyle behaviour, and stress.
Methods Questionnaires were sent to 129,150 adults. Those with headache 15 days per month for three months were classified as having CH then further described as having medication-overuse headache (MOH) or CH without medication overuse. Associations between headache and daily smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive drinking, illicit drug use, and high stress were analysed by logistic regression.
Results CH with and without medication overuse (prevalence 1.8% and 1.6%, respectively) had strong, graded associations with stress. Associations with daily smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity were significant only for MOH. Odds for MOH were highest among people who had all three factors compared to those who had none (OR 2.8 in women and 5.1 in men). High stress plus any of these three factors had synergistic effects in MOH but not clearly in those who had CH without overuse. Associations between CH subtypes and excessive drinking or illicit drug use were not statistically significant.
Conclusion Results suggest strong links between healthy lifestyle behaviour and stress in MOH. Stress reduction and promoting healthy behaviour are highly relevant in MOH management.

• 出版日期2016-1