Upgrading WDM submarine systems to 40-Gbit/s channel bitrate

作者：Charlet G^*; Bigo S

来源：Proceedings of the IEEE, 2006, 94(5): 935-951.

DOI：10.1109/JPROC.2006.873437

• 40 Gbit/s
• optical transmission
• submarine system
• wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)

The introduction of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) has triggered a tremendous capacity growth in submarine systems, both by the increase of the number of WDM channels and by the increase of the channel bitrate. Starting from 2.5 Gbit/s in the mid-1990s, the bitrate was upgraded to 10 Gbit/s by the end of the century in commercial products. The next generation of submarine systems will likely be based on a 40-Gbit/s bitrate. However, transmissions at a 40-Gbit/s rate are more challenging than transmissions at 10 Gbit/s. The, goal of this paper is to provide an overview of the technologies which could be required or used in next generation submarine systems. In the first part of this paper, an overview of the history of submarine links is provided. Then the technologies used in current N x 10 Gbit/s systems are described. Eventually, the challenges to overcome are discussed, whether they concern the type of fiber, the type of optical amplifier, or the nature of the modulation format.

• 出版日期2006-5