Bone substitutes and implantation depths for subchondral bone repair in osteochondral defects of porcine knee joints

作者：Matsuo Tomohiko; Kita Keisuke; Mae Tatsuo; Yonetani Yasukazu; Miyamoto Satoshi; Yoshikawa Hideki; Nakata Ken^*

来源：Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 2015, 23(5): 1401-1409.

DOI：10.1007/s00167-014-2853-4

• Subchondral bone osteochondral defect
• Bone substitute
• Hydroxyapatite
• Beta-tricalcium phosphate

The purpose of this study was to identify the optimal material and implantation method for subchondral bone repair.
Four osteochondral defects in a femoral groove were created in both knees of 12 pigs, and the total number of defects was 96. Eight defects were left empty (empty group). Beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) bone substitutes with 75 and 67 % porosity were implanted in 30 and 29 defects, respectively (beta-TCP75 and beta-TCP67 groups). Hydroxyapatite (HA) bone substitutes with 75 % porosity were filled in 29 defects (HA group). Bone substitutes were implanted at 0, 2, or 4 mm below the subchondral bone plate (SBP). The reparative tissue was assessed using microfocus computed tomography and histology 3 months after implantation.
Regardless of the kind of bone substitutes, the defects were filled almost completely after implanting them at the level of the SBP, while the defects remained after implanting them at 2 or 4 mm below the SBP. Reparative tissue of the beta-TCP75 group was similar to the normal cancellous bone, while that of the beta-TCP67 or HA group was not.
Subchondral bone defects were filled almost completely only when bone substitutes were implanted at the level of the SBP. The reparative tissue after implanting the beta-TCP bone substitutes with 75 % porosity was the most similar to the normal cancellous bone. Therefore, implanting the beta-TCP bone substitutes with 75 % porosity at the level of the SBP could be recommended as a treatment method for subchondral bone repair in osteochondral defects.
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• 出版日期2015-5