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摘要
The objectives of the present study were to analyse a possible influence of the playing country and the referee on the additional time added up at the end of a soccer match. Therefore, 699 matches of the second leg season 2012/2013 of Premier League (England), Serie A (Italy), Primera Division (Spain) and Bundesliga (Germany) were analysed in detail. Results showed significant differences between the four leagues (F-3,F- 263 = 16.943, p < .001) with a small effect size (eta(2) = 0.068). The highest difference between duration of relevant game stoppages and additional time was observed for the German Bundesliga (- 47.6s), thus resulting in the highest rate of additional time set too low (57.3%). Moreover, results of ANOVA concerning the referees revealed a non-significant difference between the referees within each league (pPremier League = .409, pBundesliga = .780, pPrimera Division = .379, pSerie A = .580). As a consequence of these results all referees need to be trained very well and continuously. Furthermore, FIFAs law of the game is to general and needs to be adapted to the problem. A more detailed definition of the additional time and the situations, which have an influence to it, have to be introduced.
- 出版日期2015-8
