Adipose Tissue Immune Response: Novel Triggers and Consequences for Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

作者：Ghigliotti Giorgio; Barisione Chiara; Garibaldi Silvano; Fabbi Patrizia; Brunelli Claudio; Spallarossa Paolo; Altieri Paola; Rosa Gianmarco; Spinella Giovanni; Palombo Domenico; Arsenescu Razvan; Arsenescu Violeta^*

来源：Inflammation, 2014, 37(4): 1337-1353.

DOI：10.1007/s10753-014-9914-1

• adipose tissue
• inflammation
• macrophage
• NK
• NKT
• eosinophil
• neutrophil
• adiponectin
• angiotensin
• aryl hydrocarbon receptor
• abdominal aortic aneurysm
• mast cell inflammatory bowel disease
• cardiorenal syndrome
• chronic inflammatory diseases
• uric acid

Adipose tissue inflammation mediates the association between excessive body fat accumulation and several chronic inflammatory diseases. A high prevalence of obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation was observed not only in patients with cardiovascular conditions but also in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysm, or cardiorenal syndrome. In addition to excessive caloric intake, other triggers promote visceral adipose tissue inflammation followed by chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation. The infiltration and accumulation of immune cells in the inflamed and hypertrophied adipose tissue promote the production of inflammatory cytokines, contributing to target organ damages. This comorbidity seems to delimit subgroups of individuals with systemic adipose tissue inflammation and more severe chronic inflammatory diseases that are refractory to conventional treatment. This review highlights the association between adipose tissue immune response and the pathophysiology of visceral adiposity-related chronic inflammatory diseases, while suggesting several new therapeutic strategies.

• 出版日期2014-8