Daily ethanol exposure during late ovine pregnancy: physiological effects in the mother and fetus in the apparent absence of overt fetal cerebral dysmorphology

作者：Kenna Kelly; De Matteo Robert^*; Hanita Takushi; Rees Sandra; Sozo Foula; Stokes Victoria; Walker David; Bocking Alan; Brien James; Harding Richard

来源：American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2011, 301(4): R926-R936.

DOI：10.1152/ajpregu.00711.2010

• brain injury
• blood gas status
• oxygenation
• lactate
• arterial pressure

Kenna K, De Matteo R, Hanita T, Rees S, Sozo F, Stokes V, Walker D, Bocking A, Brien J, Harding R. Daily ethanol exposure during late ovine pregnancy: physiological effects in the mother and fetus in the apparent absence of overt fetal cerebral dysmorphology. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301: R926-R936, 2011. First published June 29, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00711.2010.-High levels of ethanol (EtOH) consumption during pregnancy adversely affect fetal development; however, the effects of lower levels of exposure are less clear. Our objectives were to assess the effects of daily EtOH exposure (3.8 USA standard drinks) on fetal-maternal physiological variables and the fetal brain, particularly white matter. Pregnant ewes received daily intravenous infusions of EtOH (0.75 g/kg maternal body wt over 1 h, 8 fetuses) or saline (8 fetuses) from 95 to 133 days of gestational age (DGA; term similar to 145 DGA). Maternal and fetal arterial blood was sampled at 131-133 DGA. At necropsy (134 DGA) fetal brains were collected for analysis. Maternal and fetal plasma EtOH concentrations reached similar maximal concentration (similar to 0.11 g/dl) and declined at the same rate. EtOH infusions produced mild reductions in fetal arterial oxygenation but there were no changes in maternal oxygenation, maternal and fetal Pa(CO2), or in fetal mean arterial pressure or heart rate. Following EtOH infusions, plasma lactate levels were elevated in ewes and fetuses, but arterial pH fell only in ewes. Fetal body and brain weights were similar between groups. In three of eight EtOH-exposed fetuses there were small subarachnoid hemorrhages in the cerebrum and cerebellum associated with focal cortical neuronal death and gliosis. Overall, there was no evidence of cystic lesions, inflammation, increased apoptosis, or white matter injury. We conclude that daily EtOH exposure during the third trimester-equivalent of ovine pregnancy has modest physiological effects on the fetus and no gross effects on fetal white matter development.

• 出版日期2011-10
• 单位河北医科大学