The multifaceted pyridoxal 5 '-phosphate-dependent O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase

作者：Mozzarelli Andrea^*; Bettati Stefano; Campanini Barbara; Salsi Enea; Raboni Samanta; Singh Ratna; Spyrakis Francesca; Kumar Vidya Prasanna; Cook Paul F

来源：Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Proteins and Proteomics, 2011, 1814(11): 1497-1510.

DOI：10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.04.011

• PLP catalysis
• Enzyme mechanism
• Spectroscopy
• Vitamin B6

Cysteine is the final product of the reductive sulfate assimilation pathway in bacteria and plants and serves as the precursor for all sulfur-containing biological compounds, such as methionine, S-adenosyl methionine, iron-sulfur clusters and glutathione. Moreover, in several microorganisms cysteine plays a role as a reducing agent, eventually counteracting host oxidative defense strategies. Cysteine is synthesized by the PLP-dependent O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase, a dimeric enzyme belonging to the fold type II, catalyzing a beta-replacement reaction. In this review, the spectroscopic properties, catalytic mechanism, three-dimensional structure, conformational changes accompanying catalysis, determinants of enzyme stability, role of selected amino acids in catalysis, and the regulation of enzyme activity by ligands and interaction with serine acetyltransferase, the preceding enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway, are described. Given the key biological role played by O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase in bacteria, inhibitors with potential antibiotic activity have been developed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Pyridoxal Phospate Enzymology.

• 出版日期2011-11