Molecular Properties of Water-Unextractable Proteoglycans from Hypsizygus marmoreus and Their in Vitro Immunomodulatory Activities

作者：Bao Hong Hui; Tarbasa Mehdi; Chae Hee Mun^*; You Sang Guan

来源：Molecules, 2012, 17(1): 207-226.

DOI：10.3390/molecules17010207

• Hypsizygus marmoreus
• proteoglycan
• immunomodulation activity
• molecular conformation
• glycosidic linkages

Four proteoglycans were sequentially extracted from Hypsizygus marmoreus using 0.1 M NaOH (alkali-soluble proteoglycans [F1] and alkali-insoluble proteoglycans [F3]) and 0.1 M HCl (acid-soluble proteoglycans [F2] and acid-insoluble proteoglycans [F4]), and their structures and immunomodulatory activities were investigated. The proteoglycans were found to contain carbohydrates (19.8-82.4%) with various amounts of proteins (7.7-67.3%), and glucose was the major monosaccharide unit present, along with trace amounts of galactose. The molecular weights (Mw) and the radius of gyration (Rg) of these proteoglycans showed ranges of 16 x 10(4)-19,545 x 10(4) g/mol and 35-148 nm, respectively, showing significant variations in their molecular conformations. The backbones of F1 and F2 were mainly connected through alpha-(1 -> 3), (1 -> 4) and beta-(1 -> 6)-glycosidic linkages with some branches. The F1 and F2 proteoglycans significantly stimulated Raw264.7 cells to release nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) and various cytokines, such as IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6 by inducing their mRNA expressions.

• 出版日期2012-1