Dairy consumption and CVD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Alexander, Dominik D.^*; Bylsma, Lauren C.; Vargas, Ashley J.; Cohen, Sarah S.; Doucette, Abigail; Mohamed, Muhima; Irvin, Sarah R.; Miller, Paula E.; Watson, Heather; Fryzek, Jon P.

来源：British Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 115(4): 737-750.

DOI：10.1017/S0007114515005000

• Meta-analyses
• Epidemiology
• Dairy products
• Milk
• CVD
• Stroke
• CHD

Inverse associations between dairy consumption and CVD have been reported in several epidemiological studies. Our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies of dairy intake and CVD. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies that reported risk estimates for total dairy intake, individual dairy products, low/full-fat dairy intake, Ca from dairy sources and CVD, CHD and stroke. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRRE) for high v. low intake and stratified intake dose-response analyses. Additional dose-response analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was examined in sub-group and sensitivity analyses. In total, thirty-one unique cohort studies were identified and included in the meta-analysis. Several statistically significant SRRE below 1.0 were observed, namely for total dairy intake and stroke (SRRE=091; 95 % CI 083, 099), cheese intake and CHD (SRRE=082; 95 % CI 072, 093) and stroke (SRRE=087; 95 % CI 077, 099), and Ca from dairy sources and stroke (SRRE=069; 95 % CI 060, 081). However, there was little evidence for inverse dose-response relationships between the dairy variables and CHD and stroke after adjusting for within-study covariance. The results of this meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies have shown that dairy consumption may be associated with reduced risks of CVD, although additional data are needed to more comprehensively examine potential dose-response patterns.

• 出版日期2016-2-28