科研之友
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摘要
We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the Wigner crystal states in confined semiconducting carbon nanotubes. We show by detailed semimicroscopic calculations that the effective exchange interaction has an SU(4) symmetry, and can reach values as large as J similar to 100K in weakly screened, small diameter nanotubes, close to theWigner crystal-electron liquid crossover. This large value of the exchange coupling in the crossover region also follows from robust scaling arguments. Modeling the nanotube carefully and analyzing the magnetic structure of the inhomogeneous electron crystal, we recover the experimentally observed "phase boundaries" of Deshpande and Bockrath [V. V. Deshpande and M. Bockrath, Nat. Phys. 4, 314 (2008)]. Spin-orbit coupling only slightly modifies these boundaries, but breaks the spin symmetry down to SU(2) x SU(2), and in Wigner molecules it gives rise to interesting excitation spectra, reflecting the underlying SU(4) as well as the residual SU(2) x SU(2) symmetries.
- 出版日期2017-3-27
