科研之友
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摘要
Artificial photosynthesis is a new, effective and eco-friendly way to utilize solar energy by mimicking the natural process of photosynthesis, through which plants, algae and many species of bacteria obtain energy by converting sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and oxygen. Splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen through sunlight energy is also referred to as artificial photosynthesis. There are two types of artificial photosynthesis systems (APS); the first one is supramolecular mimicking natural photosystem's structural and functional features; and the second one is artificial photocatalytic systems based on inorganic semiconductor materials. This article reviews the latest developments of artificial photosynthesis after a brief introduction to natural photosynthesis. From the point of view of basic principle, commonly used systems and energy conversion efficiency, this article systematically introduces the two types of artificial photosynthesis, among which a new research area morph-genetic materials, is developed in inorganic semiconductor photocatalytic systems with the goal of achieving efficient APS integrated with hierarchical porous structures in nature. However, some properties of the APS, including stability, self-repair ability, lifetime and overall energy conversion efficiency, still need to be improved. Finally, some possible approaches which might be helpful to improve the APS' overall quality are proposed, and the prospective on the future development and application is tentatively discussed.
- 出版日期2011-9-24
- 单位上海交通大学; 金属基复合材料国家重点实验室
