Nutritional levels of pregnant and postpartum tsetse Glossina pallidipes Austen captured in artificial warthog burrows in the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe

作者：Hargrove John W^*; Muzari Mutizwa O

来源：Physiological Entomology, 2015, 40(2): 138-148.

DOI：10.1111/phen.12098

• Glossina
• nutrition
• postpartum
• pregnant
• tsetse
• warthog burrows
• Zimbabwe

In Zimbabwe, female tsetse Glossina pallidipesAusten, collected from artificial warthog burrows and subjected to ovarian dissection and nutritional analysis, provide the first field estimates of resource allocation from mother to offspring across all of pregnancy. Approximately 45% of 1833 females captured are full-term pregnant on entering the burrow. The remainder presumably use burrows as refuges at temperatures >32 degrees C. Maternal residual dry weight (RDW) increases by 1.5mg after the first feed post-larviposition but, thereafter, only by 1.4mg by 90% of pregnancy completion. Uterine RDW changes little by 60% of pregnancy completion but increases by >6mg by parturition. Between the times of 5% and 90% pregnancy completion, maternal RDW is approximately constant: it then declines 2.8mg by parturition, balancing larval gains of 2.6mg. Mothers accumulate 6.3mg of fat in the first 80% of pregnancy, while uterine fat increases by only 0.8mg. Thereafter, by parturition, larval fat increases by 4.1mg, whereas maternal fat declines by 3.3mg. The larva deposited is 5% heavier than its mother and has 52% more fat. RDW and fat levels, corrected for fly size and haematin, are 1 and 2mg, respectively, lower in females from traps than those from burrows. Burrow catches provide an improved picture of tsetse pregnancy dynamics, highlighting a reproductive strategy involving resource commitment to the larva being delayed until late pregnancy when sufficient stores guarantee viable pupal production. Larval development in tsetse starts significantly later than the analogous changes during pregnancy in two mammals and two viviparous fish.

• 出版日期2015-6