摘要

Wormhole attack is one of the most devastating threats for range-free localization in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we evaluate three statistical estimation methods with the same network model and geographic information obtained by the DV-Hop algorithm. We analyze the limits of Minimum Mean Square Estimate (MMSE), Least Median of Squares (LMS) and Enhanced greedy Attack-Resistant MMSE (EARMMSE) and propose an improved EARMMSE with the hop-distance relationship, named EARMMSE+. Simulation results illustrate the performance of MMSE, LMS and EARMMSE+ with different anchor fraction, the length of wormhole link and the average local neighborhood and show that EARMMSE+ outperforms MMSE and LMS.