Application of Gold Nanoparticle Conjugation with 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy Benzoic Acid (HMBA) from Hemidesmus indicus Root Enhancing Neutralization of Snake (Viper) Venom Activity

作者：Gomes Antony; Sengupta Jayeeta; Ghosh Sourav; Gomes Aparna

来源：Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2016, 16(8): 8322-8329.

DOI：10.1166/jnn.2016.11777

• Gold Nanoparticles
• Herbo-Nanoconjugation
• HMBA
• GNP-HMBA
• Snake Venom
• Venom Neutralization

Snake venom has been a cause of innumerable deaths worldwide. Till date, anti-snake venom serum (ASVS) is the only available specific treatment against snake-bite. Several herbal antagonists active against snake venom has been identified. HMBA (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid) isolated from root extract of Indian medicinal plant "Sarsaparilla" (Hemidesmus indicus) have shown to possess anti-snake venom activity. Nanotechnology is an upcoming technology which has tremendous potentials in biomedical research. Nanoparticles tagged natural biomolecules (including venoms and toxins) are of interest because of the fact that nanoparticles have unusual properties that can be used to improve the pharmacological and therapeutic properties. This study was an attempt to conjugate the herbal compound HMBA with gold nanoparticles (GNP) and to investigate whether GNP conjugation could improve the snake venom neutralizing properties of HMBA. Gold nanoparticle tagging with HMBA was done by adsorption method and physicochemical characterization of GNP-HMBA was done with DLS, TEM, AFM, FTIR and fluorescence. Snake (viper) venom neutralizing properties were done using in vivo and in vitro neutralizing studies such as lethality, oedema, necrosis and PLA2 activity. The crimson red coloured GNP-HMBA formed was spherical in shape and was stable at room temperature. The hydrodynamic diameter was found to be 70-75 nm by dynamic light scattering study and 25-30 nm by transmission electron microscopy. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of the herbo-nano conjugate GNP-HMBA. It was observed that GNP-HMBA provided 1.5 fold MLD protection, 5 fold oedema protections, 1 fold necrosis protection and 4 fold PLA2 protection as compared with HMBA alone. This study confirmed that GNP-HMBA provided better protection against snake venom induced effects in experimental animals and further experiments on neutralization are warranted. It may be concluded that nano-conjugation is a dynamic domain which may open new strategies in designing alternative antidote against snake venom in the near future.

• 出版日期2016-8