科研之友
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摘要
Temporal and spatial scales are key factors that affect species distribution. Temporary lakes may be intensely affected by both scales, and the aquatic macrophyte community can rapidly respond to such environmental changes. Here, we investigate 26 Neotropical temporary upland lakes and describe the species richness and composition as well as the species richness within functional groups and the functional composition of aquatic macrophytes to better understand the effect of spatial and temporal scales on these attributes. Additionally, we highlight the scenarios where we found rare and endemic species during sampling. Our findings mainly suggest that spatial and temporal scales do not affect the total species richness or species richness within the functional groups. However, the temporal scale affects the species composition and functional-group composition. The species composition changes between dry and rainy seasons (beta-diversity), and such change was less dramatic six years after the first sampling. The identical pattern was found for the functional-group composition (functional beta-diversity). We also found small or few endemic species populations that co-occurred with potentially invasive species, which could threaten endemic species and lead to global extinctions. Finally, we suggest that the temporal dynamics of temporary lakes are fundamental in maintaining regional biodiversity. However, this dynamic may change over time by moving towards a future with a more homogeneous aquatic macrophyte assemblage, what may create a scenario with more functionally redundant species. Subsequently, applied ecological studies in such environments to better understand the temporal. dynamics of the aquatic macrophyte community may help to improve future proposals of biodiversity management and protection.
- 出版日期2015-10
