Amphiphilic Spruce Galactoglucomannan Derivatives Based on Naturally-Occurring Fatty Acids

作者：Dax Daniel; Eklund Patrik; Hemming Jarl; Sarfraz Jawad; Backman Peter; Xu Chunlin^*; Willfor Stefan

来源：BioResources, 2013, 8(3): 3771-3790.

• Amphiphilic
• Fatty acid
• Hemicelluloses
• Galactoglucomannan
• Reductive amination
• Surfactant
• Surface tension

A class of nonionic polysaccharides-based surfactants were synthesised from O-acetyl galactoglucomannan (GGM), water-soluble hemicelluloses from spruce, using naturally-occurring saturated fatty acids, CH3(CH2)(n)COOH (n = 7, 12, and 16). Hemicelluloses can be recovered from waste-streams of papermaking and agricultural processes or isolated by hot water extraction of plant tissues integrated into a biorefinery process. Fatty acids can be recovered as byproducts of the agricultural and food industries. Different synthesis routes were applied to yield amphiphilic derivatives with either a grafted or block structure. Fatty acids activated with 1,1%26apos;-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) were grafted to the backbone of GGM molecules on their hydroxyl groups. Alternatively, synthesised amino-activated fatty acids using ethylenediamine were reacted with the reducing end of GGM. By adjusting the reagent ratios, GGM-based surfactants with different hydrophilic to hydrophobic ratios were prepared. Their surface activity was assessed by measuring the surface tension in water. This study presents an approach to design carbohydrate-based surfactants using naturally-occurring fatty acids that may find potential applications in such areas as food, cosmetic, and paint formulations.

• 出版日期2013