摘要

A combination of the breathing Fermi-surface model with a variant of the ab initio density-functional electron theory given by the magnetic force theorem is used to establish a unified theory for the near-adiabatic magnetization dynamics on the atomic scale. The main achievement of the theory is that it makes possible to treat both collinear as well as noncollinear magnetization configurations on equal footing. The theory yields an equation of motion of the type of the widely used Gilbert equation, however, with the constant Gilbert damping scalar replaced by an anisotropic and nonlocal damping matrix. The range of validity of the theory is discussed.