Iterative Formulas and Estimation Formulas for Computing Normal Depth of Horseshoe Cross-Section Tunnel

作者:Liu, Jiliang; Wang, Zhengzhong; Fang, Xing*
来源:Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 2010, 136(11): 786-790.
DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000254

摘要

This note presents iterative formulas that can be used to calculate the normal depth for all types of horseshoe cross sections. Based on the principle of gradual optimization fitting, general estimation formulas were developed for direct computation of the normal depth for all types of the standard horseshoe cross sections. The estimation formulas have high accuracy for hydraulic designers to use in comparison with the accurate normal depths determined from iterative formulas, and the maximum relative error is less than 0.5%.