Altitude and COPD prevalence: analysis of the PREPOCOL-PLATINO-BOLD-EPI-SCAN study

作者：Horner Andreas^*; Soriano Joan B; Puhan Milo A; Studnicka Michael; Kaiser Bernhard; Vanfleteren Lowie E G W; Gnatiuc Louisa; Burney Peter; Miravitlles Marc; Garcia Rio Francisco; Ancochea Julio; Menezes Ana M; Perez Padilla Rogelio; de Oca Maria Montes; Torres Duque Carlos A; Caballero Andres; Gonzalez Garcia Mauricio; Buist Sonia; Flamm Maria; Lamprecht Bernd

来源：Respiratory Research, 2017, 18(1): 162.

DOI：10.1186/s12931-017-0643-5

• COPD
• Geographical altitude
• Risk factors
• Underdiagnosis
• Epidemiology

Background: COPD prevalence is highly variable and geographical altitude has been linked to it, yet with conflicting results. We aimed to investigate this association, considering well known risk factors.
Methods: A pooled analysis of individual data from the PREPOCOL-PLATINO-BOLD-EPI-SCAN studies was used to disentangle the population effect of geographical altitude on COPD prevalence. Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal defined airflow limitation consistent with COPD. High altitude was defined as > 1500 m above sea level. Undiagnosed COPD was considered when participants had airflow limitation but did not report a prior diagnosis of COPD.
Results: Among 30,874 participants aged 56.1 +/- 11.3 years from 44 sites worldwide, 55.8% were women, 49.6% never-smokers, and 12.9% (3978 subjects) were residing above 1500 m. COPD prevalence was significantly lower in participants living at high altitude with a prevalence of 8.5% compared to 9.9%, respectively (p < 0.005). However, known risk factors were significantly less frequent at high altitude. Hence, in the adjusted multivariate analysis, altitude itself had no significant influence on COPD prevalence. Living at high altitude, however, was associated with a significantly increased risk of undiagnosed COPD. Furthermore, subjects with airflow limitation living at high altitude reported significantly less respiratory symptoms compared to subjects residing at lower altitude.
Conclusion: Living at high altitude is not associated with a difference in COPD prevalence after accounting for individual risk factors. However, high altitude itself was associated with an increased risk of undiagnosed COPD.

• 出版日期2017-8-23