Base excision repair and its role in maintaining genome stability

作者：Baute Joke; Depicker Anne^*

来源：Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2008, 43(4): 239-276.

DOI：10.1080/10409230802309905

• DNA glycosylase
• DNA repair
• DNA damage
• mutagenesis

For all living organisms, genome stability is important, but is also under constant threat because various environmental and endogenous damaging agents can modify the structural properties of DNA bases. As a defense, organisms have developed different DNA repair pathways. Base excision repair (BER) is the predominant pathway for coping with a broad range of small lesions resulting from oxidation, alkylation, and deamination, which modify individual bases without large effect on the double helix structure. As, in mammalian cells, this damage is estimated to account daily for 104 events per cell, the need for BER pathways is unquestionable. The damage-specific removal is carried out by a considerable group of enzymes, designated as DNA glycosylases. Each DNA glycosylase has its unique specificity and many of them are ubiquitous in microorganisms, mammals, and plants. Here, we review the importance of the BER pathway and we focus on the different roles of DNA glycosylases in various organisms.

• 出版日期2008