A computational systems analysis of factors regulating alpha cell glucagon secretion

作者：Fridlyand Leonid E^*; Philipson Louis H

来源：Islets, 2012, 4(4): 262-283.

DOI：10.4161/isl.22193

• diabetes
• calcium
• computational model
• ion channels
• insulin
• islets
• pancreas

Glucagon, a peptide hormone secreted from the alpha-cells of the pancreatic islets, is critical for blood glucose homeostasis. We reviewed the literature and employed a computational systems analysis of intracellular metabolic and electrical regulation of glucagon secretion to better understand these processes. The mathematical model of alpha-cell metabolic parameters is based on our previous model for pancreatic beta-cells. We also formulated an ionic model for action potentials that incorporates Ca2+, K+, Na+ and Cl- currents. Metabolic and ionic models are coupled to the equations describing Ca2+ homeostasis and glucagon secretion that depends on activation of specific voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Paracrine and endocrine regulations were analyzed with an emphasis on their effects on a hyperpolarization of membrane potential. This general model simulates and gives insight into the mechanisms of regulation of glucagon secretion under a wide range of experimental conditions. We also reviewed and analyzed dysfunctional mechanisms in alpha-cells to determine key pharmacological targets for modulating glucagon secretion in type 1 and 2 diabetes.

• 出版日期2012-8