Anisotropic Relaxation Dynamics in a Dipolar Fermi Gas Driven Out of Equilibrium

作者：Aikawa K^*; Frisch A; Mark M; Baier S; Grimm R; Bohn J L; Jin D S; Bruun G M; Ferlaino F

来源：Physical Review Letters, 2014, 113(26): 263201.

DOI：10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.263201

We report on the observation of a large anisotropy in the rethermalization dynamics of an ultracold dipolar Fermi gas driven out of equilibrium. Our system consists of an ultracold sample of strongly magnetic Er-167 fermions, spin polarized in the lowest Zeeman sublevel. In this system, elastic collisions arise purely from universal dipolar scattering. Based on cross-dimensional rethermalization experiments, we observe a strong anisotropy of the scattering, which manifests itself in a large angular dependence of the thermal relaxation dynamics. Our result is in good agreement with recent theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we measure the rethermalization rate as a function of temperature for different angles and find that the suppression of collisions by Pauli blocking is not influenced by the dipole orientation.

• 出版日期2014-12-23