Autoimmune Hematological Diseases after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: An Italian Multicenter Experience

作者：Faraci Maura^*; Zecca Marco; Pillon Marta; Rovelli Attilio; Menconi Maria Cristina; Ripaldi Mimmo; Fagioli Franca; Rabusin Marco; Ziino Ottavio; Lanino Edoardo; Locatelli Franco; Daikeler Thomas; Prete Arcangelo

来源：Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 2014, 20(2): 272-278.

DOI：10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.11.014

• Autoimmune hematological disease
• Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
• Children
• Rituximab

Autoimmune hematological diseases (AHDs) may occur after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but reports on these complications in large cohorts of pediatric patients are lacking. Between 1998 and 2011, 1574 consecutive children underwent allogeneic HSCT in 9 Italian centers. Thirty-three children (2.1%) developed AHDs: 15 autoimmune hemolytic anemia (45%), 10 immune thrombocytopenia (30%), 5 Evans' syndrome (15%), 2 pure red cell aplasia (6%), and 1 immune neutropenia (3%). The 10-year cumulative incidence of AHDs was 2.5% (95% confidence interval, 1.7 to 3.6). In a multivariate analysis, the use of alternative donor and nonmalignant disease was statistically associated with AHDs. Most patients with AHDs (64%) did not respond to steroids. Sustained complete remission was achieved in 87% of cases with the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab). Four patients (9%) (1 autoimmune hemolytic anemia, 1 Evans' syndrome, 2 immune thrombocytopenia) died at a median of 87 days after AHD diagnosis as a direct or indirect consequence of their disorder. Our data suggest that AHDs are a relatively rare complication occurring after HSCT that usually respond to treatment with rituximab.

• 出版日期2014-2