Stem Cell-Based Therapies and Immunomodulatory Approaches in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

作者：Barra Couri Carlos Eduardo; Voltarelli Julio Cesar^*

来源：Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy, 2011, 6(1): 10-15.

• Diabetes mellitus
• beta-cell regeneration
• beta-cell preservation
• beta-cell precursors
• immune intervention
• stem cell

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease against pancreatic beta cells. The autoimmune response begins months or years before the clinical presentation. At the time of hyperglycemic symptoms a small amount of beta cell mass still remains. The main therapeutic option to type 1 diabetes mellitus is daily insulin injections which is shown to promote tighter glucose control and to reduce much of diabetic chronic complications. Subgroup analysis of the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) showed another important aspect related to long term complications of diabetes, ie, patients with initially larger residual beta cell mass suffered less microvascular complications and less hypoglycemic events than those patients with small amounts of beta cells at diagnosis. In face of this, beta cell preservation has become another important target in the management of type 1 diabetes and its related complications. In this review, we summarize various immunomodulatory regimens ever used in humans, including stem cell-based strategies, aiming at blocking autoimmunity against pancreatic beta cells and at promoting beta cell preservation and/or possible beta cell regeneration in recent-onset type 1 diabetes.

• 出版日期2011-3