Dietary intake habits and controlled training on body composition and strength in elite female volleyball players during the season

作者：Mielgo Ayuso Juan^*; Zourdos Michael C; Calleja Gonzalez Julio; Urdampilleta Aritz; Ostojic Sergej M

来源：Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism, 2015, 40(8): 827-834.

DOI：10.1139/apnm-2015-0100

• volleyball
• sports nutrition
• elite players
• strength training
• dietary intake
• fatigue

The purpose of this study was to assess dietary intake of elite female volleyball players (EFVPs, n = 22) during the first 11 weeks of the competitive season. Further, we compared findings for total energy intake and specific macronutrient distribution with the established recommendations for high-intensity athletes. Subjects also engaged in periodized training and we assessed changes in body composition (BC) and strength. Twenty-two EFVPs had dietary intake (7-day dietary recall and food-frequency questionnaire), BC (body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, fat mass, muscle mass), and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) strength (bench press, military press, back squat, power clean, clean and jerk, pull-over) assessed at baseline (T0, before preseason) and 11 weeks later (T11). Athletes consumed less total kilocalories and carbohydrates (CHO) compared with established recommendations (total kilocalories: 40.7 +/- 5.2 kcal/(kg.day)(-1) vs. recommendations: 50-80 kcal/(kg +/- day)(-1); CHO: 4.3 +/- 0.6 g/(kg.day)(-1) vs. recommendations: 5-8 g/(kg.day)(-1)). Further, subjects consumed greater protein (2.1 +/- 0.4 g/(kg.day)(-1)) compared with recommendations (1.6-1.8 g/(kg.day)(-1)) and greater fat (36.1 +/- 4.6% of total kilocalories) than recommendations (20%-35% of total kilocalories). There were improvements (p < 0.05) in BC from T0-T11 (body fat percentage: 17.9% +/- 4.2%-16.8% +/- 3.6%, -4.7% +/- 7.4%; fat mass: 12.7 +/- 4.2-11.9 +/- 3.8 kg, -4.0% +/- 9.2%; muscle mass: 42.8% +/- 3.4%-43.3% +/- 3.0%, + 1.3 +/- 3.1%) and 1RM strength (bench press: 39.1 +/- 4.5-43.4 +/- 4.9 kg; + 11.4% +/- 9.3%; clean and jerk: 29.7 +/- 6.3-34 +/- 5.8 kg; + 17.7% +/- 23.8%); however, there was no change (p > 0.05) in BMI or military press and pull-over. Back squat (p = 0.054; + 33.0% +/- 83.7%) and power clean (p = 0.056; + 26.2% +/- 49.0%) increases approached significance. Our findings indicate that EFVPs improved BC and strength despite a dietary intake different from recommendations. This is possibly due to different substrate utilization during exercise in females versus males, thus new recommendations should be considered for high-intensity athletes, which are sex-specific.

• 出版日期2015-8