Detailed Analysis of Apoptosis and Delayed Luminescence of Human Leukemia Jurkat T Cells after Proton Irradiation and Treatments with Oxidant Agents and Flavonoids

作者：Baran Irina^*; Ganea Constanta; Privitera Simona; Scordino Agata; Barresi Vincenza; Musumeci Francesco; Mocanu Maria Magdalena; Condorelli Daniele F; Ursu Ioan; Grasso Rosaria; Gulino Marisa; Garaiman Alexandru; Omusso Nicolo; Cirrone Giuseppe A Pablo; Cuttone Giacomo

来源：Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012, 498914.

DOI：10.1155/2012/498914

Following previous work, we investigated in more detail the relationship between apoptosis and delayed luminescence (DL) in human leukemia Jurkat T cells under a wide variety of treatments. We used menadione and hydrogen peroxide to induce oxidative stress and two flavonoids, quercetin, and epigallocatechin gallate, applied alone or in combination with menadione or H2O2. 62 MeV proton beams were used to irradiate cells under a uniform dose of 2 or 10Gy, respectively. We assessed apoptosis, cell cycle distributions, and DL. Menadione, H2O2 and quercetin were potent inducers of apoptosis and DL inhibitors. Quercetin decreased clonogenic survival and the NAD(P)H level in a dose-dependent manner. Proton irradiation with 2Gy but not 10Gy increased the apoptotic rate. However, both doses induced a substantial G(2)/M arrest. Quercetin reduced apoptosis and prolonged the G(2)/M arrest induced by radiation. DL spectroscopy indicated that proton irradiation disrupted the electron flow within Complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thus explaining the massive necrosis induced by 10Gy of protons and also suggested an equivalent action of menadione and quercetin at the level of the Fe/S center N2, which may be mediated by their binding to a common site within Complex I, probably the rotenone-binding site.

• 出版日期2012