科研之友
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摘要
Short-pulsed lasers are of significant industrial relevance in laser drilling, with an acceptable compromise between accuracy and efficiency. However, an intensive research with regard to qualitative and quantitative characterization of the hole quality has rarely been reported. In the present study, a series of through holes were fabricated on a high-temperature alloy workpiece with a thickness of 3 mm using a LASERTEC 80 PowerDrill manufacturing system, which incorporated a Nd:YAG millisecond laser into a five-axis positioning platform. The quality of the holes manufactured under different laser powers (80-140 W) and beam expanding ratios (1-6) was characterized by a scanning electron microscope associated with an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, focusing mainly on the formation of micro-crack and recast layer. Additionally, the conicity and circularity of the holes were quantitatively evaluated by the apparent radius, root-meansquare deviation, and maximum deviation, which were calculated based on the extraction of hole edge through programming with MATLAB. The results showed that an amount of melting and spattering contents were presented at the entrance end and the exit end of the holes, and microcracks and recast layer (average thickness 15-30 mu m) were detected along the side wall of the holes. The elemental composition of the melting and spattering contents and the recast layer was similar, with an obvious increase in the contents of O, Nb, and Cr and a great reduction in the contents of Fe and Ni in comparison with the bulk material. Furthermore, the conicity and circularity evaluation of the holes indicated that a laser power of 100 W and a beam expanding ratio of 4 or 5 represented the typical optimal drilling parameters in this specific experimental situation. It is anticipated that the quantitative method developed in the present study can be applied for the evaluation of hole quality in laser drilling and other drilling conditions.
