Differentiating Frontostriatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

作者：Durston Sarah^*; van Belle Janna; de Zeeuw Patrick

来源：Biological Psychiatry, 2011, 69(12): 1178-1184.

DOI：10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.07.037

• ADHD
• cognition
• neurobiology
• neuroimaging
• subtypes

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has long been conceptualized as a neurobiological disorder of the prefrontal cortex and its connections. Circuits with the prefrontal cortex relevant to ADHD include dorsal frontostriatal, orbitofronto-striatal, and fronto-cerebellar circuits. Dorsal frontostriatal circuitry has been linked to cognitive control, whereas orbitofronto-striatal loops have been related to reward processing. Fronto-cerebellar circuits have been implicated in timing. Neurobiological dysfunction in any of these circuits could lead to symptoms of ADHD, as behavioral control could be disturbed by: 1) deficits in the prefrontal cortex itself; or 2) problems in the circuits relaying information to the prefrontal cortex, leading to reduced signaling for control. This article suggests a model for differentiating between interlinked reciprocal circuits with the prefrontal cortex in ADHD. If such a differentiation can be achieved, it might permit a neurobiological subtyping of ADHD, perhaps by defining "dorsal fronto-striatal," " orbitofronto-striatal," or "fronto-cerebellar" subtypes of ADHD. This could be useful as a template for investigating the neurobiology of ADHD and, ultimately, clinically.

• 出版日期2011-6-15