科研之友
微信
新浪微博
Facebook
分享链接
摘要
Objectives: To study associations between diet, respiratory symptoms and allergy among female university students in Japan.
Methods: A standardised questionnaire was distributed to students in Kobe and Kamakura (N = 153). Multiple logistic/linear regression was applied, controlling for age, smoking, heredity and diet.
Results: Totally 15.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 3.3% current asthma medication, 56.9% pollen allergy, 15.7% cat allergy, 11.1% dog allergy, 25.0% wheeze, 24.2% daytime and 9.3% nocturnal attacks of breathlessness. Meat consumption was related to wheeze (OR = 2.00; 95% Cl 1.12-3.60) and respiratory infections (OR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.08-4.09). Fish consumption was related to less respiratory infections (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 9.28-0.86), seafood to less pollen allergy (OR 0.66; 95% Cl 0.44-0.99), and milk consumption to less daytime breathlessness (OR 0.72; 95% Cl 0.55-0.95). Fast food consumption was related to wheeze (OR = 1.89; 95% CI 1.23-2.91), daytime breathlessness (OR = 1.50; 95% Cl 1.00-2.28) and pollen allergy (OR = 1.69; 95% Cl 1.07-2.65). In total, 23.0% used butter, 21.7% margarine, 40.1% olive oil and 55.3% rapeseed oil. Those consuming butter (OR=2.65; 95% CI 1.11-6.32) and rapeseed oil (OR=2.35; 95% CI 1.03-5.38) had more wheeze. Those consuming margarine had more nocturnal breathlessness (OR = 4.40; 95% Cl 1.42-13.7). An asthma symptom score was related to fast food (p < 0.05) and margarine consumption (p < 0.01). Factor analysis identified five dietary patterns. A pattern including fast food, juice and soft drinks was related to wheeze and respiratory infections.
Conclusion: Fish, seafood and milk consumption seems to be beneficial, while butter, margarine, rapeseed oil, fast food and soft drinks could be risk factors for allergy and respiratory health.
- 出版日期2008-7
