Pediatric second primary malignancies after retinoblastoma treatment

作者：Temming Petra^*; Viehmann Anja; Arendt Marina; Eisele Lewin; Spix Claudia; Bornfeld Norbert; Sauerwein Wolfgang; Joeckel Karl Heinz; Lohmann Dietmar R

来源：Pediatric Blood and Cancer, 2015, 62(10): 1799-1804.

DOI：10.1002/pbc.25576

• chemotherapy
• mosaic
• radiotherapy
• RB1
• retinoblastoma gene 1
• sarcoma

BackgroundChildren with retinoblastoma carry a high risk to develop second primary malignancies in childhood and adolescence. This study characterizes the type of pediatric second primary malignancies after retinoblastoma treatment and investigates the impact of different treatment strategies and prognostic factors at presentation.
ProcedureAll national patients treated for retinoblastoma at the German referral center with a current age of 6-27 years were invited to participate in a study to characterize late effects.
ResultsData on pediatric second primary malignancies were recorded from 488 patients. Ten developed a malignancy before the age of 18 years. For children with heterozygous oncogenic RB1 alteration (heritable retinoblastoma), the cumulative incidence to develop a second malignancy at the age of 10 years was 5.2% (95% CI 1.7; 8.7%). This results in an elevated risk for sarcoma (n=4) (SIR 147.98; 95% CI 39.81; 378.87) and leukemia (n=4) (SIR 41.38; 95% CI 11.13; 105.95). Neither the functional type of the RB1 alteration nor its origin showed a significant impact. Treatment modality influenced incidence, latency, and type of malignancy. Previous radiotherapy increased the risk for solid tumors and 3 of 91 children developed acute leukemia after chemotherapy. However, 2 of 10 malignancies were diagnosed in patients with heritable retinoblastoma but without previous chemotherapy or external beam radiotherapy.
ConclusionsScreening for second primary malignancy is an important part of pediatric oncological follow-up in patients with heritable retinoblastoma. For patients with sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma, genetic information influences treatment decisions and allows tailoring of follow-up schedules. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2015;62:1799-1804.

• 出版日期2015-10
• 单位河北医科大学