Maternal HIV infection and other factors associated with growth outcomes of HIV-uninfected infants in Entebbe, Uganda

作者：Muhangi Lawrence^*; Lule Swaib A; Mpairwe Harriet; Ndibazza Juliet; Kizza Moses; Nampijja Margaret; Nakazibwe Esther; Kihembo Macklyn; Elliott Alison M; Lwebb Emily

来源：Public Health Nutrition, 2013, 16(9): 1548-1557.

DOI：10.1017/S1368980013000499

• HIV exposure
• Poor growth
• Infancy
• Uganda

Objective: To assess the associations between maternal HIV infection and growth outcomes of HIV-exposed but uninfected infants and to identify other predictors for poor growth among this population. %26lt;br%26gt;Design: Within a trial of de-worming during pregnancy, the cohort of offspring was followed from birth. HIV status of the mothers and their children was investigated and growth data for children were obtained at age 1 year. Length-for- age, weight-for-age and weight-for-length Z-scores were calculated for each child; Z-scores %26lt;-2 were defined as stunting, underweight and wasting, respectively. %26lt;br%26gt;Setting: The study was conducted in Entebbe municipality and Katabi sub-county, Uganda. %26lt;br%26gt;Subjects: The sample consisted of 1502 children aged 1 year: HIV-unexposed (n 1380) and HIV-exposed not infected (n 122). %26lt;br%26gt;Results: Prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting was 14.2%, 8.0% and 3.9%, respectively. There was evidence for an association between maternal HIV infection and odds of being underweight (adjusted OR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.32, 4.09; P=0.006) but no evidence for an association with stunting or with wasting. Young maternal age, low maternal education, low birth weight, early weaning and experiencing a higher number of episodes of malaria during infancy were independent predictors for stunting and underweight. A higher number of living children in the family was associated with wasting. %26lt;br%26gt;Conclusions: Maternal HIV infection was associated with being underweight in HIV-exposed uninfected infants. The success of programmes for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission means that an increasing number of infants will be born to HIV-infected women without acquiring HIV. Therefore, viable nutritional interventions need to be identified for this population.

• 出版日期2013-9