Advances in Neonatal Extracorporeal Support The Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and the Artificial Placenta

作者：Gray Brian W; Shaffer Andrew W; Mychaliska George B^*

来源：Clinics in Perinatology, 2012, 39(2): 311-+.

DOI：10.1016/j.clp.2012.04.006

• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
• ECMO
• Extracorporeal life support
• Neonatal
• Respiratory failure
• Cardiac failure
• Artificial placenta
• EXIT to ECMO
• Prematurity

This review addresses the history and evolution of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), with a discussion of the indications, contraindications, modalities, outcomes, and impact of ECMO. Controversies surrounding novel uses of ECMO in neonates, namely ECMO for premature infants and ex utero intrapartum therapy with transition to ECMO, are discussed. The development of an extracorporeal artificial placenta for support of premature infants is presented, including the rationale, research, and challenges. ECMO has had a dramatic effect on the care of critically ill neonates over the past 4 decades, and there is great potential to expand these benefits in the future.

• 出版日期2012-6